What Are The Constitutional Authorities In India
In India, the Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and all other laws and practices must be in conformity with it. The Constitution of India establishes the framework for the government of the country, and sets out the powers, duties, and functions of the various branches of government.
The Constitution of India establishes three main organs of government: the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. Each of these organs has specific constitutional authorities and responsibilities, as follows:
The legislature: The legislature is responsible for making laws for the country. In India, the legislature is made up of the President and two Houses: the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The President has the power to summon and prorogue the Houses and to dissolve the Lok Sabha. The President can also veto a bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each House. The Houses of Parliament have the power to impeach the President, the Vice President, and the judges of the Supreme Court and the high courts.
The Executive: The executive is responsible for the administration of the country, and is headed by the President, who is the constitutional head of state. The President is elected by an electoral college and appoints the Prime Minister and other ministers, who are responsible for the day-to-day administration of the government. The President also has the power to declare a state of emergency and to dismiss a state government if it has lost the confidence of the legislature. The President is advised by the Council of Ministers, which is headed by the Prime Minister.
The judiciary: The judiciary is responsible for the interpretation and application of the laws of the country. The judiciary is headed by the Supreme Court, which is the highest court of appeal in the country. The Supreme Court has the power of judicial review, which allows it to declare any law or executive action that is inconsistent with the Constitution to be void. The Supreme Court also has the power to issue writs, which are orders directing the government or other authorities to perform their duties in accordance with the law. The Supreme Court is assisted by a system of high courts, which have jurisdiction over the states and union territories.
In summary, the Constitution of India establishes the three organs of government: the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, and sets out the constitutional authorities and responsibilities of each of these organs. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and all other laws and practices must be in conformity with it.
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