Explain the processes and milestones in perceptual development.
Perceptual development refers to the way in which an individual’s senses and cognitive abilities develop and allow them to process and make sense of the world around them. There are several processes and milestones involved in perceptual development:
- Sensory development: The senses, such as sight, hearing, touch, and smell, develop gradually over time. In infants, sensory development begins at birth and continues to develop throughout childhood.
- Attention and perception: As children’s senses develop, they are able to pay attention to and perceive their surroundings more effectively. This process begins in infancy and continues to develop throughout childhood.
- Perception of objects: Children also develop the ability to perceive objects as separate entities, rather than simply as part of their environment. This typically occurs around the age of 18 months.
- Perception of space: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand space, including depth and distance. This typically occurs around the age of 2 or 3 years.
- Perception of time: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand the concept of time. This typically occurs around the age of 4 or 5 years.
- Perception of causality: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand causality, or the concept that events have causes and consequences. This typically occurs around the age of 4 or 5 years.
- Perception of people: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand people, including their emotions and intentions. This typically occurs around the age of 3 or 4 years.
- Perception of language: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand language, including the sounds, words, and syntax of their native language. This process begins in infancy and continues to develop throughout childhood.
- Perception of self: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand themselves and their own emotions and experiences. This process typically begins around the age of 2 or 3 years.
- Perception of social norms: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand social norms, including the expectations and behaviours that are acceptable in their culture. This process typically begins around the age of 3 or 4 years.
- Perception of symbols: Children also develop the ability to perceive and understand symbols, such as letters and numbers. This process typically begins around the age of 4 or 5 years.
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