Describe The Different Scheduled Tribes In India With Respect To the Impact Of Forces Of Change.
The Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India are communities that have been recognized as indigenous and are accorded certain protections and benefits by the Indian government. There are more than 700 ST communities in India, and each of these communities has its own unique culture, traditions, and way of life. The STs are spread across the country, with a significant presence in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, and Rajasthan.
The STs in India have faced many challenges and have been impacted by various forces of change over the years. Some of the key forces of change that have impacted the STs include modernization, globalization, development, and environmental degradation.
One of the major forces of change that has impacted the STs in India is modernization. With the rapid advancement of technology and the spread of modern facilities and amenities, the STs have been exposed to new ideas, ways of life, and opportunities. This has led to a transformation of traditional ways of life, with many STs adopting modern ways of living and abandoning traditional practices and customs.
Globalization is another force of change that has impacted the STs in India. With the increasing interconnectedness of the world, the STs have been exposed to new cultures, ideas, and ways of life. This has led to a process of cultural assimilation, with many STs adopting the customs, practices, and lifestyles of the dominant culture.
Development is another force of change that has impacted the STs in India. The Indian government has implemented various development programs and initiatives to improve the lives of the STs, such as the Tribal Sub-Plan and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act. These programs have aimed to provide the STs with access to education, healthcare, and other facilities, and have had a positive impact on the lives of the STs.
However, development has also had negative impacts on the STs, as it has often led to the displacement of ST communities from their traditional lands and habitats. Many STs have been forced to leave their homes and communities to make way for development projects, such as dams, roads, and industrial complexes. This has disrupted the traditional way of life of the STs and has led to social and economic problems.
Environmental degradation is another force of change that has impacted the STs in India. Many ST communities in India depend on the natural environment for their livelihood and sustenance. However, the increasing exploitation of natural resources and the degradation of the environment have had negative impacts on the STs. Many STs have lost their traditional lands and resources, and have been forced to rely on the dominant culture for their livelihood. This has led to a loss of cultural identity and a decline in traditional knowledge and practices.
In conclusion, the STs in India have been impacted by various forces of change, such as modernization, globalization, development, and environmental degradation. These forces have had both positive and negative impacts on the STs, and have led to a transformation of traditional ways of life. Despite the challenges, many ST communities have managed to preserve their unique cultures, traditions, and way of life, and continue to play a vital role in the diversity and richness of India’s culture.
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